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What is Photosynthesis ?

By Sachin Joshi
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What is Photosynthesis ?

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By Sachin Joshi


                 

     WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose and other organic compounds. It is a complex biochemical process that occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves the absorption of light by pigments such as chlorophyll.


The overall equation for photosynthesis is:

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2

In this equation, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are converted into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2) through a series of reactions that involve the transfer of electrons and the formation of ATP, a molecule that stores energy.

Photosynthesis occurs in two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions. In the light-dependent reactions, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments, and used to generate ATP and NADPH, which are energy-rich molecules that are used in the light-independent reactions. In the light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide is fixed into organic compounds, such as glucose, using the energy stored in ATP and NADPH.

Photosynthesis is essential for life on Earth, as it provides the primary source of energy for most ecosystems. It also plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, helping to regulate the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
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